Form structure for concrete construction



Sept. 1e .1924.

'J. A- TAGGART FORM STRUCTURE'FOR CONCRTEACONSTRUCIION Filed April 25. l1921 2 sheets-sheer 1 v J6' A sept. 16. 1.924. u v

J. A. TAGGART FORM STRUCTURE FOR CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION Patented Sept. i6, i924.

invitan starts JOI-IN A. TAGGART, OF WLMETTE, ILLINOIS.

FORM STRUCTURE FOR CNCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

Application lled April 2,5, 1921. Serial No. 464,238t

To @ZZ whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, JOHN A. TAGGART, a citizen oi the United States, residing at lv/Vilmette, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented new and useful Improvements in Form Structures for Concrete Construction, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, forming a part oi this specification.

This invention relates to the construction and shape of an improved type of form structure for concrete construction, and more particularly relates to the molds, forms or :talse work used in the co-nstruction of concrete structures. i

This invention is an improvement of the form structure disclosed in my co-pending application, Serial No. 331,862, led October th, 1919; The improvement in the construction or" the talsework used for concrete structures over my prior application, as hereindisclosed, consists essentially in improvements in the construction of the mold or torni, especially in the sotiit construction and the manner oil interlocking said sotiits and the various forms or molds used in the construction, so as to construct a complete solid and rigidl structure which utilizes the strength of the timbers and lumber used in constructing the `forms for the support of the ifalsework.

It is one ot' the objects ofthis invention, therefore, to provide an improved torm oi talsework construction which will transmit the weight of the form construction to the center line of the girders, and in which the timber used in constructingthe falsework is utilized to assist in the support of the falsework and the concrete floor construction placed thereon.

Another object of the invention resides in the production of improved types ot forms or sections which are so standardized that they can be readily remodeled and used for spans of differenty lengths and joists of diii'erent depths Awithout sacrificing their strength, and which can be accomplished at at a minimum cost.

Another object resides in the production of an improved form or section which is so constructed that it can be repeatedly used without showing material etl'ects of wear or deterioration.

AQ further object of the invention comi prises the production of an improved form of truss construction in which the connection between the tension members and the truss is self-adjusting to any angle which said tension member may be required toy assume for constructions of different kinds, and dimensions. f

An additional object consists in the pro-4 duction of an improved means for breaking the suctionbetween the forms and the concrete'. v

Other objects of the invention will be apparent from the following description, the accompanying drawings and the appended claims.` l i A preferredembodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying draw.- ings; in which, y l

Fig. 1 is an end view partly 1n sectionof a built-up construction showing the, column and girder molds, together with the joist mold construction and its supporting truss construction y Fig. 2 is a cross section through one of the forms or molds, and illustrates the means used to break the suction'between the form and the concrete, and also illustrates the sotiit construction;

Fig. 3 is an illustration in cross section through a plurality of molds or forms; i i

Fig. 4 is a side view of a mold or form, and illustrates the 'wedges used to interlock the form sections and the soiiits, whereby these elements when thus interlocked are substantially as strong as a mold or :form

which is not constructed in sections, and .in

which the soi'lit constitutes of the mold or form; y

t F ig.`5 is a bottom view of the mold Vor form and illustrates the manner ot using the wedges to interlock the sofi'it to the forms; y

Fig. 6 illustrates a side elevation of the casting used for interconnecting .the tension member to the truss; and, Fig. 7 is a bottom plan view ofsaid casting.

As illustrated in Fig. 1, the floor and joist mold or form construction issupported on the girder forms 11 and on the stringers 66. The girder form 11 is` supported on the cross piece 12 of the T shore 12 which also carries the wedges 13 which supports the stringere 66 which in turn carry the molds or forms an integral part secured to the end or' the two sections.

used for the joist and floor construction. The mold or torni for the joist or lfloor construction is clearly illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, and consists of a ll-shaped section 111 fitted with the sides 15 and 16 and the top 17. Secured to the sides and 16 of the form 1-1 are the cleats 1T" and 18 respectively, which cleats are utilize-d to receive the soliits 19. These soiiits 19 are preterably continuous for the entire length of the section between the columns are loosely laid. in position on the cleats 17 and 18,v after the fcrn'is have been placed in position.

The forms 14 are constructed in transverse sections and for use oi' spans from 1G feet to 18 feet, with moderate loading, the sections can be supported without the use ot the truss which is described hereinafter. lt the spans are of greater length than 16 or 18 feet, andA the loading is exceptionally heavy, then the truss` construction to be described hereinafter is preferably used to hold up the :tions and the i'loor construction thereon. 1'1" desired, more than two transverse sections, as described in iny copendingA application No. 331,862, can be used.

The sections 14 are preferably made in the factory or on the bench to accurate length. lnl the case oit a two sectional torni, as illustrated in Fig. 1, the splice at the middle of the span cut at such an angle that one ot the end sections can. be pivoteo around the point of support and can thus be drawn troni. the other section in stripping. sides oft the sections 111 are braced transversely by nailing` a spreader 2() into each sectio'n before the sections are erected. These sprcaders 'unction to keep the sections in shape during` the process 01' handling` and erecting. filllhen the false work construction is to be wrecked, the lirst operation is to knock out these sprea-ders 20.

When two transverse sections are used, as illustrated in Fig. 1, a splice is made at the middle oi the span to strengthen the coinplete structure, the splice beingl made at the middle of the span because the shearing stresses in the structure at this point are zero. This splice is clearly illustrated in Fin'. 1 and comprises the use ot two spreaders 21 and 22, which ride against the inner edges: o'l the cleats and 2-1, respectively, The spreaders 21 andA 9.2 are -then interconnected and interloi't-ked by any suitable means, preieraloly by bolts, such as 25, which are threaded through suitable holes in thev spreaders 21, and QIand-se-tfuind in position to tightly interlock the two sections ot the structure by means o'i' the nuts such as 26,

lllhe soilits 19, as hereinhe'liore described, are loosely placed in poition atteithe sections ll have been properly positioned.

The

The soiht 19 is a continuous piece cut to the proper length, and is dropped into position on the cleats 17 and 18. rllhe soilit 1S) is interlocked to the sides of the sections 111 by means of a wedge construction illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5. As there illustrated, the soiiit 19 carries a cleat 27, which cleat 2T is preferably nailed to the bottom or the soiiit. rillhe cleat 27 is itted at one edge with a second cleat 28, which second (fl-at 28 is preferablyv nailed to the cleat 2T. The cleat 2? is positioned on the soilit so that it is disposed adjacent notches, such as 251, cut in the sides oi2v the torins 14. rllhe notches 29 are cut in the sides of' the forms to receive the wedges 30 and 31 which function together with the notches cut in the side and the cleats nailed' to the bottom of' the soiiit 19- to interlock the sothts withl the sections or forms 14.-, so that thel entire structure becomes one solid interloclred entity. lhese r-'Jedges 30 and 31 are` driven into position a't'ter the 'forms 111- haye been placed in position and the so'liits llflaid on the cleats 1".7 a-nd 18, said wedges serving to torce the soi'lits` into position and tightly interlock them with the sides 15 and 16. The wedges are driven into positiony from the side, and, as clearlyy illustrated in Figs. 4: and 5, hind the sofflits to the forms because of the spreading action ol the wedges, which spreadingV action is resisted by the sides oi the notches 29 and the cleat 27 nailed to the bottoni oi? the soi'lit 19. The cleat Q8 which is secured 'to the bot-tom oit the cleat 2T serves as a guiding and supporting means for the wedges 30 and 31, when they are driven into position to interlock the softits to the 'forms 14.

rThe center splice, hereinbefore described, and with the interloclied soiiits, function to utilize the strength of the lumber within the construction of the` iform to support the forni and the floor which is laid thereon. lilith this center splice and this interlocking` wedge construction, the :terms or sections, when thus inter-locked, will carry substantially the saine load which they would carry if the entire falseworlr were permanently interconnected by securely nailing the parts of the falseworlz together. lt the spans are not oi a greater length than 18 feet and the loading is moderate, due to this interlocking;` construction, the forms will ordinarily be strong` enough to carry themselves and the tloor laid thereon without any additional supporting` means. ln the longer spans in which the resisting moment of the 'form itself is insuilicient to carry the required load, the truss construction, illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3, is utilized.

This truss construction 38. comprises the two light iii-shaped struts 32 and 33 which are preteral'ily placed about feet apart in a. longitudinal direction, these ft-shaped lill) struts being interconnectedby the two diagonal struts 34 and 35, which, in turn, are fastened to the top member of the truss 36 and the bottom member 37. These A-shaped struts, together with the interconnecting struts 34 and 35 and the top and bottom members 36 and 37, are made standard for all ordinary lengths of span. j i

The truss construction 38 is connected to the ends of the standard sections 14 by means of rods or cables such as 40 and 41, which are equipped with eyebolts at either end. The eyebolt 42 at the upper end is threaded through a horizontal piece such as 43, which is securely fastened to the ends of the U-shaped section 14 by end nailing and saddle-cleats 45. The rod or cable connection to the end of theform, by means of the horizontal piece 43 which rides in the saddle-cleats 45, is made before erection and .is not disturbed in wrecking or in the re-use of the form'. rlhe lower connection of the rod or cable 40 and 41 to the horizontal tension member 37 of the truss lis effected by passing the eyebolt through a slot in a casting 47 securely fastened to the horizontal truss member 37.

This casting 47 is illust-rated in detail in Figs. 6 and 7. The casting comprises the flat portion 48 fitted with the upturned lug 49, which lug 49 is fitted into a. notch 50 in the horizontal truss member 37, the flat portion 48 being preferably secured to the truss member 37 by screws which pass through perforations such as 51. The forward end of the flat portion 48 is fitted with the shoulder 52 which rides over' the end of the horizontal truss member 37.

Depending from the horizontal piece 48 are the lugs or radial webs 53 and 54 which form the slot 55 into which the lower eyebolt 56 which secures the cables 40 and 41 to the truss member 37 is fitted. rlhe lugs or radial webs 53 and 54 are provided with an arcuate surface 57, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 6. The eyebolt 56 which is fitted into the slot 55 is equipped with a radial washer 58 having an arcuate upper surface corresponding to that of the surface 57 with which the radial webs are fitted. yThis radial washer is held on the bolt 56 by any suitable means, preferably by a nut such as 59. The eyebolt 564 is made of sufficient.

length so that the radial washer will pass over the radial lugs on theI casting 47 when the nut is loosened in the wrecking operation. The threads on the end ofthe bolt 56v are preferably marred so as to prevent the ready removal of the nut 59, and thereby prevent the removal of the. radial washer from the bolt. 56.

Then the bolt 56 is in position between radial webs 53 and 54 and the nut 59 tightened, the radial washer 58 will ride on the radial webs 53 and 54 of the casting 47 and will,therefore, adjust themselves to any angle of the diagonal tension rods or cables 40 and 41, thusforming a perfect bearing between the radial washer 58 and the lugs or radial webs 53 and 54.

The truss construction .just described is used for the purpose of supporting any load in excess of that which .the form itself is capable lof supporting or to add sufficient strength to the form construction to ,elimi- .nate any deflection when long spans are used.

`Referring now particularly to Fig. 2, it

will be noted that each section is equipped with a horizontal wire 60 anda 4vertical wire 61, these wires being placed in the sections 14 at suitable intervals along the entire length of said section. These wires are used inv wrecking for the purpose of breaking the suction between the sides of the concrete of the finished floor and the face of the form, thereby eliminating the necessity of marring the fresh concrete with a pinchbar, which is the ordinary method used for separating the form from the concrete. 1n the vpreferred form of construction using the wire, as illustrated in Fig. 2,.the pinchbar `is yinserted in the loop of the vertical wire 61 above the horizontal wire. vPressure is then applied to the end of the pinch-bar and because ofthe insertion of the pinch-bar in the loop above the horizontal wire, the downward pressure on the pinch-bar will be first taken up by the horizontal wire which will warp the sides of the form sufficiently to break the' suction betweenv the sides 15 and 16 of the form and the concrete construction. Upon continued application of the downward pressure on thel pinch-bar, the strain will'next vbe taken up by the vertical wire, as` indicated in the broken line illustrated in Fig. 2, and this will In erecting the forms, it iis-obviously first necessary 'to erect in the usual manner the column forms 10 and a portion of the girder forms 11, if the girder forms project below the bottom of the joist. In the event that the girder-forms do not project below the bottom of the joist, f'then the end piece 64 of the forml 14 constitutes aportion of the girderj-forms. It is also necessary, as indicated, to first put in place T-shores 12 between the columns on the center lines of the l. A form for concrete construction compr1s1ng, 1n combination, a top and two sides,

and means interconnecting said top andv sides adapted to break the suction, rst, between the sides ot said form and the concrete and, neXt, between the top ot said l'ormV and the concrete.

2. A torni for concrete construction comprising, in combination, a top and two sides, a wire interconnecting` said sides, a second wire connected to said top and means interconnecting said first and second wires adapted to break the suction, iirst, between the sides of said form and the concrete and, next, between the top ot said form and the concrete.

3. A form for concrete construction comprising, in combination, a top and two sides, a wire interconnecting said sides, a second wire connected to said top, and a loop at the end of said second wire which encircles said first wire, said wires being adapted to cooperate to break the suction, irst, between the sides of said form and the concrete and, next, between the top of said form and the concrete.

4. A built-up structure for concrete construction comprising, in combination, a plurality ot forms, each having a top and two sides, soiiit supporting means secured to the sides of said forms, a soilit loosely laid in place between said sides and said means, a cleat secured to said soHit, a second cleat` secured to said first cleat, notches in the sides ot said forms and wedges cooperating with said notches, said sides and said cleats to rigidly secure said sottit to said sides to interlock and strengthen said structure.

5. A built-up structure for concrete conn struction comprising, in combination, a plun rality ot transverse forms, cleats secured to the ends of said forms, spreaders adapted to be positioned against the inner edge of said cleats, and means for interlocking said spreaders to rigidly interconnect and interlock sa1d transverse sect-ions.

6. A bu1lt-up structure for concrete construction comprising, in combination, a plurality of transverse sections, vmeans provided at the middle of said span i'or interconnect v ing said sections, a truss construction adaptthe interconnection between the cable andl the truss construction will be selffadjusting for any angle which the cable assumes.

7. A built-up structure for concrete construction comprising, in combination, a plurality of transverse sections, means for 1n-4 terconnecting said sections at substantially the middle of the span, a truss member, a saddle cleat secured to said forms at the ends adjacent the ends kof the span, a straddle member secured in said saddle cleat-s, and means interconnecting said saddle member and said truss member to interconnect said truss member with the ends of said forms.

8. A built-up structure for concrete construction comprising, in combination, `a plurality of transverse sections, means for interconnecting said sections at substantially the middle of the span, a truss member, a saddle cleat secured to said forms at the ends adjacent the ends of the span, a straddle member secured in said saddlel cleats, means interconnecting said saddle member and said truss member to interconnect said truss member with the ends of said i'orms, land means for placing said last mentioned means under tension whereby said truss member will act as a support for said structure.l

In witness whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name.

JOHN A. TAGGART. 

